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March 6, 1934. c. M. F. FRaDEN ALCULATING MACHINE Filed Aprill 24, 3.923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 www March 6, 1934. s. M, F. FRiDz-:N

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 24, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 6, 1934'` UNE'EED STTES Mal-chant Calculating Machine Company,

Emeryville, Calif., a corporation ci California Lapplication April itil, 1928, Serial No. 2232,@3

13 Claims.

The invention relates to calculating machines of the motor driven type for performing operations in addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

The calculating machine comprises a rotary actuator and a plurality of keys for introducing values into the actuator. The depression ci va key introduces a value corresponding to the numeral on the key into the rotatable actuator and rotation of the actuator serves to transfer these values into the counter or register, to effeet the calculating operation. The values introduced into the actuator are transmitted, on rotation of the actuator to the gure discs of the register, which, for the purpose of making direct action of the selected values'on the figure discs of highest value possible, is disposed in parallel displaceable relation to the axis of the actuator. The register comprises a series of numeral wheels which are mounted on a carriage which is displaceable transversely of the calculating machine, with respect to the actuator.'

The present invention relates to a calculating machine adapted to perform the four rules calculations by the use of a rotaryA actuator having a uni-directional cycle of operation. Additive or 'suhtractive movement of the numeral wheels in *perorming calculating operations of different sign is controlled and eiected by the manipulation of intermediate gears, disposed between the actuator and the numeral wheels.

An-object of the invention is to provide a.V calv culating machine in which positive or negative calculations are initiated and effected by the selective depression of a key, without reversing the direction bf rotation of the actuator.

Another object of the invention is to provide l a calculating machine provided with an actuator having a unidirectional cycle of operation, with means selectively operable by a single man# ual stroke to initiate and effect an additive or subtractive movementof -the numeral wheels.

A further object of the invention is to provide, in a calculatingmachine, a rotary unitary actuator having a single series of tens carrying members, operative both on addition and subtractive operations, whereby the number of numerical orders in the actuator may be increased to substantiaily twice the number possible in a machine having two serles of tens carrying mem- The invention possesses other advantageous features, some of which with the foregoing will be set forth at length in the following description, where I shall outline in fullthat form of my invention which l. have selected for illustra=l tion in the drawings accompanying and forming part o the present specication.

ln said drawings, have shown one form, oi mechanism `emhcdying my invention, but it is to be understood that l do not limit myself to such form, since the invention, as set forth in the claims, may be embodied in a plurality oi forms.

Referring to said drawings: l

`Figure l is a vertical section through a portion of a calculating machine embodying ini/em tion, showing the means ior controlling the rota-u tion of the actuator and the direction oi rotation of the numeral Wheels.

Figure 2 is a vertical section through a portion oi the machine showing the actuator and the mechanism for transferring values from the aow tuator to the numeral Wheels.

4Figure V3 is a vertical section through a portion of the machine showing the tens carrying mechanism associated with one numeral wheel.

Figure e is a section taken on the line l-f-J.- Figure i.

Figure 5 is e. diagrammatic representation of the driving mechanism for the actuator.

|The invention relates to a motor driven calculating machine and particularly to a calculating machine having an actuator having a uni-directional cycle oi operation. The machine is provided with positive and negative operation keys, depression of either key serving to cause rotation of the actuator in the same direction, depression of the positive key serving to cause rotation ci the numeral wheels in a positive direction cr additive direction and depression of the negative key serving to cause rotation of the numeral Wheels in a negative or subtractive direction. The positive key is used primarily in performing proh-l lems in addition andmultiplication and the neg"- ative key is used primarily for performing proh- @s lems in substraction and division, although in short cut multiplication, the negative key is also used.

The present machine nciudes a suitable frame, within which the various lnstrumentalities oi. the calculating machine are arranged. Many of these instrumentalities are fully disclosed in my United States Letters Patent Number 1,643,729 of September 27, 1927, to which reference is hereby made for a complete disclosure of those features of the calculating machine' whichare not specifically disclosed in this application. VThese features relate principally to the arrangement and con struction of the keyboard, the means for introducing values into the actuator by the depression of the keys, the construction ofthe product register and the quotient register, the means for moving the carriage. the means for resetting the registers to zero and those other features which are required to produce a complete calculating machine. 3.

The present machine includes arotary actuator, into which values are introduced by the depression of -the keys of the keyboard. The actuator comprises a series of units` mounted on adriving shaft and these units are of substantially the same construction as disclosed in my aforesaid patent, with the exception, that sincethe present actuator is unidirectional in operation, only one series of tens carrying pins is required, Whereas, in the reversible actuator of the aforesaid patent, two' series of tens carrying Pins were required. Each actuator unit comprises an ordinal registration member consisting of the slide 3 provided on one end with a toothed rack 4, the slide 3 being mounted on a wheel which is secured to the actuator shaft 5. Rotatably mounted on the shaft 5, and comprising a portion of each actuator unit, is a settable cam member 6 which is selectively set by the depression of a key to determine the time of projection ofthe slide 3 and thereby the extent of its operation on the intermediate wheels and consequently the value which is introduced into the numeral wheel by the rotation of the actuator u'nit. The wheel 7 on which the slide 3 is mounted, is provided with a tens carrying pin 8 which is arranged for cooperation with the transfer lever 9, and with a restoring cam 12 for restoring the transfer lever to inoperative position after a tens carry. The series -of transfer pins 8 on the successive wheels 7 which comprise the actuator, are

successively spaced apart circumferentially, so` that they lie in a spiral, so that the successive pins come into operation on the successive numeral wheels during a tens carrying operation -of the respective numeral wheels. By virtue of the fact that only a single series of tens carrying pins is required this seriesmay 'extend around the entire arc of the actuator 7, except that portion occupied by the ordinal registration member 4,' so that consequently a larger number of tens carrying pins may be provided on the actuator, than would be possible where it is necessary to provide two separate series of tens carrying pins, as is necessaryin a reversible actuator.

On account of this fact; it is therefore possible to provide a greater number of transfer pins, and since there is one pin mounted oneach actuator unit, it is thereby possible to'provide an actuator'having a greater number of umts, thereby permitting the machine to be made of much greater numerical capacity than machines having a reversible actuator.

lfhe actuator is driven by an electric motor 13,

which is connected through suitable speed re- I ducing gearing to the driving shaft 14. 'Arranged between the driving shaft 14 and the actuator shaft 5 is a clutch, by which the rotation of the` actuator is controlled. Secured to the driving.

shaft 14 is a ratchet wheel 15 and secured to the actuator shaft v5 is a cylindrical clutch housing member 18 which surrounds the ratchet wheel 15. Pivoted within' the.- clutch housing 18 is'a pawl 17 which is movable into and out of-engagement with the ratchet wheel, 15, to cause engagement-and ment of the clutch. The pawl 17 is provided with afoot 18 which.

whenthepawl isin engagement withthe ratchet wheeLextendsthroughanapertureintheperiphery of the cylindrical housing 16. When the actuator is stopped in full cycle position, the foot 18 is pressed into the housing and the pawl 17 removed from engagement with the ratchet wheel 15., Means are provided for controlling the movement of the pawl 17 to engage and disengage the clutch and also to stop the actuator in full cycle position. Pivoted within the machine is s. clutch lever 21 having a projection 22 on its rear end which is adapted to engage the'foot 18 to disengage the clutch from the actuator in full cycle position. The clutch lever is normally held in clutch disengaging position, as shown in Figure 1, by the spring 23. Means are provided for moving the clutch lever 21 to control the rotation of the actuator. Arranged on the machine, adjacent the keyboard, is a positive registration key 24 and a negative registration key 25, depression of either key serving to move the clutch control lever 21 to cause engagement of the clutch. The keys 24 and 25 are normally held in elevated positionby the springs 26 and 27 and are preferably freely retractable so that when pressure thereon is released the depressed key is immediately returned to elevated position. The. stem 31 of the key 24 is provided with an extension 32 carrying a pin or stud 33 which overlies one end of the rocking lever 34. Similarly, the stem 35 of the key 25 is providedwith an extension 38 carrying a stud 37 which overlies the same end of the rocking lever 34, and is disposed adjacent the` notcause movement of the clutch control lever.

The reason for the provision of this lost motion will be set forth hereinafter.

Depression of either of the keys 24 or 25 for,

their full stroke, rocks the clutch crmtrol 21 to move the projection 22 out of the path `of the foot 18. on the pawl 17, when the foot is in its extended position, so that the clutch remains in engagement as long as either' of the keys 24 or 25 isfheld depressed. Uponrelease of either key, the projection 22 drops back into contact with the periphery. of 'the housing 16, so that it lies in the path of the foot 18 and, when the foot contacts with the projection, due to the rotation of the housing, the projection drops into the aperture in the housing, contacts with the foot 18, and rocks the pawl 17 to cause disengement of the clutch. The clutch housing 16, being secin'ed to the actuator shaft 5 4and the clutch housinbeing stopped by the projection 22, the 4projection -serves to stop in full cycle position.

The numeral wheels 41, comprising the productregisteraremountedinacan'iagewhich is`ble transversely of the frame of the machine, to bring different numeral wheels intol .i

meansforthispurposebeingshowninmyafcre'- said patent. On one side of each numeral wheel isseem'edagearortoothedwheelhavingten.

meral wheels is a series of main intermediate gears 47, each gear being independently rotatably mounted on a shaft 48, secured in the frame of the machine. The main intermediate gears 47 respectively lie in the plane of the actuator units or in the planes of the ordinal registration members 4, so that on rotation of the actuator, the selected ordinal registration members engage the respective main intermediate gears. The tooth pitch of the main intermediate gears is the same as the tooth pitch of the ordinal registration member 4 and is the same as the tooth pitch of the toothed wheels -44 associated with the numeral wheels.

Pivoted on the shaft 48 is a rocking frame 49 which includes the three transverse shafts 5l, 52 and 53. Freely, rotatably mounted on the shafts 51, 52 and 53 are two sets of subsidiary intermediate gears which serve to transmit movement from the main intermediate gears to the numeral wheels and to determine the direction of movement of the numeral wheels. Mounted on shaft 5l is a series of subsidiary, intermediate gears 54, meshing with the main intermediate gears 47 and normally lying out or" the path of the numeral wheels 41 in their rnovement due to the transverse movement ofthe carriage. The wheels 54 are adapted, upon rocking of the frame 49, to be moved into mesh with the toothed wheels 44 of the numeral wheels.

Loosely, rotatably mounted on the shaft 52 is a series of subsidiary, intermediate gears 55 meshing with the main intermediate gears 47 and mounted on. the shaft 53 is a series of freely rotatable subsidiary intermediate gears 56 which are in mesh with the intermediate gears 55. The intermediate gears 56 normally lie out of the path of the numeral wheels in ,their movement, due to transverse movement of the carriage, and upon rocking movement of the frame, are moved into mesh with the toothed wheels 44 on the numeral `wheels.

rlhe frame 49 is normally held in neutral position, with both series of gears 54 and 56 out of the transverse path of movement of the numeral wheels 4l. Upon rocking the frame 49 in one di rection, intermediate gears 54 mesh with the toothed wheels 44 and upon rocking the frame in l the opposite direction, the intermediate gears 56 fit mesh with the toothed wheels 44. Due to the fact that one set of subsidiary, intermediate gears contains one series of gears 54 which directly estabiish driving relation from the gears 47 to the gears 44 and that the other set of subsidiary, intermediate gears comprises the two series or" gears 55 and 56, through both of which a driving connection is established between the intermediate gears 47 and the toothed wheels 44, the numeral wheels are rotated vin one direction when the frame is rocked in one direction and the numeral wheels are moved in the opposite direction when the frame is rocked in the other direction.

Detentsmust be provided for preventing free rotation ofthe gears 47, 54, 55 andv 56, and, since all of these gears are always in mesh, the detents main intermediate gears 47 but in the drawings, I have shown the detents 57 associated with the series of gears 55. Due to this arrangement, the main intermediate gear 47 will rock with the frame 49, bringing the center line of a, tooth on the main intermediate gear 47 into the plane containing the axes of the shafts 5 and 48, so that there will be proper meshing of the teeth on the ordinal registration members 4 with the teeth on the main intermediate gear 47. If the detents are associated with the gears 47, then these gears must be arranged so that in their normal position, the center line of a tooth lies in the plane of the axes of the shafts 5 and 48.

lt has been seen therefore, that the direction of movement of the numeral wheels, that is either an additive or subtractive movement thereof is determined by the rocking of the frame 49. This frame normally lies in neutral position, that is, with neither of the gears 54 or 56 in mesh with the toothed wheels 44, and means are provided whereby the initial depression of one of the keys 24 or 25 rocks the frame 49 to establish the selected driving connection, in advance of the engagement of the clutch. Pinned on a shaft 61 is a bell crank lever 62 provided with an elongated eye 68 in which is disposed a pin 64 secured to the frame 49 so that as the lever 62 is rocked, the frame 49 is rocked. Associated with the stems of the keys 24 and 25 and pivotally mounted intermediate the stems of these keys is a rock lever 65 which is connected at its rear end to the bell crank lever 62 by the link 66. The stems 3l and 35 of the keys 24 and 25 are provided on their lower ends with pins 67 and 68 which overlie the rocking lever 65 at equal distances from its fulcrum, so that depression of key 24 rocks the lever 65 to raise its rear end and depression of key 25 rocks the lever 65 to depress its rear end. The spacing of the pins or studs 67 and 68 from the rocking lever 65 and the spacing of the pin 38 on. the clutch control lever 21 from the rocking leverv 34 is such that the rocking lever 65 is moved to its extreme position in either direction, bringing the selected series of subsidiary intermediate gears into mesh with the numeral wheel gears 44. in advance of the engagement or" the clutch.

ll'ieans are provided for holding the selected series of subsidiary intermediate gears in engagement with the toothed wheels 44 until the actuator is stopped in full cycle position, or until the actuator reaches full cycle position. For this purpose, vthe clutch control lever 21 is provided with an extension 7l having two seats 72 and 73 therein which are adapted to receive a pin 74 secured to the rocking lever 65 and thereby hold the lever 65 is selected, adjusted position, in the event that the operating key 24 or 25 has been released, until the clutch lever 21 moves to clutch disengaging position. The rocking lever 65 is normally held in neutral or central position and is returned to neutral position, by the centralizing lever 76 winch is provided with a double cam surface pressed into engagement with a pin 77 on the lever 65 by the spring 78. r

Due to the arrangement of the intermediate gears with respect tothe numeral wheels, and to the fact that the intermediate gears are mounted on the frame and are not movable transversely with' the carriage, the construction of the transfer mechanism presented a novel problem. This has been solved by forming the transfer lever in two parts, one part being associated with the numeral wheels and mounted on the carriage and the other part being associated with the actuator ice into a position in the path o! and into a position out of the path of transverse movement of said numeral wheels, spring means for urging said frame into one of said positions. and controllable means for retaining it in the other of said positions.

10. In a calculating machine, a frame, a shiftable carriage carried thereon; registering mechanism mounted in said carriage, driving mechanism'including a cyclic clutch mounted in said frame, means for engaging said driving mechanism with said registering mechanism, and means automatically operative upon disengagement of said clutch for disengaging said driving mechanism from said registering mechanism to permit shifting of said carriage.

11. In a calculating machine, a frame, a shiftable carriage carried thereon, registering mechanism mounted in said carriage, driving mechanism including a cyclic clutch mounted in said y frame, means for engaging said-driving mechanism with .said registering mechanism and causing engagement of said clutch, and means automatically operative upon disengagement of Said clutch for disengaging said driving mechanism from said registering mechanism, including means for preventing such action until y said clutch has' completed a cycle of operation.

12.v In a calculating machine, a frame, a shiftable carriage carried thereon, registering mechanism mounted in said carriage, driving mechanism including a cyclic clutch mounted insaid frame, a clutch control lever movable to lock or unlock said clutch, and means controlled by said lever, upon movement thereof to locking position, for disengaging said driving mechanism from said registering mechanism to permit shifting of said carriage.

13. In a calculating machine, a frame,va shiftable carriage carried thereon, registering mechamsm mounted in said carriage, driving mechanism including' a cyclic clutch mounted in said frame, a clutch control lever movable to engage or disengage said clutch, and means controlled by said lever, upon movement thereof to clutch disengaging position, for disengaging said driving mechanism from said registering mechanism to permit shifting of said carriage.

CARL M. F.

vsus 

